Giotto, The Trial Before Caiphas
1303-1305
Fresco
Scrovegni Chapel, Padua
This fresco illustrates Matthew 26:57-68. On the far left the man in red and gold raises his arm to strike Jesus (26:67). The three men at Jesus' left are the ones who arrested him and "led him to Caiaphas the high priest" (26:57). The one in green pushes Jesus forward with his (unseen) right hand. The one in brown holds a torch that alludes to the preceding episode, when the soldiers came to arrest Jesus with "lanterns and torches and weapons" (John 18:3).
On the far right the high priest Caiaphas tears his robes over Jesus' putatively blasphemous statements (26:64-65). The same account is in Mark 14:53-62 and, more briefly, Luke 22:66-71.
Probably the man seated at Caiaphas's right is his father-in-law, Annas. In John 18:19-23 he examines Jesus before sending him to the high priest. This implies that he and Caiaphas were in two different places, but in the are it is not unusual for them to be presiding side-by-side, as in
this example from the 16th century and
this one from the 6th.
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Read more about images of Jesus before the Sanhedrin.
Photographed at the chapel by Richard Stracke, shared under Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license.